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Definitions
Search Fund: A search fund is a unique investment approach, typically used by entrepreneurs to find and buy a single private company. Think of it as a two-step process:
The goal is to create a win-win situation: investors get a return on their investment if the company does well under the new leadership, and the entrepreneur gets the opportunity to run a company and potentially own a significant stake in it.
Due-Diligence: This is a comprehensive appraisal of a business or investment undertaken before a merger, acquisition, or investment. It seeks to validate the information provided and uncover any potential risks or liabilities.
Earn-out: This is a financing arrangement for the purchase of a business, where the seller must meet certain performance goals before receiving the full purchase price. It reduces the buyer’s risk and aligns the interests of both parties post-acquisition.
Letter of Intent (LOI): This document outlines the basic terms and conditions of a deal before a formal agreement is drawn up. It serves as a mutual commitment between the buyer and the seller to move forward with the transaction on the agreed-upon terms.
Note: In the world of mergers and acquisitions (M&A), a “note” is like an IOU, a promise to pay back money.
Imagine two kids, Sally and Bob. Sally has a lot of candies, and Bob wants to have some. They decide to strike a deal. Sally gives some candies to Bob today, and Bob promises to give Sally some of his lunch money next week. Here, Bob’s promise is similar to a “note” in M&A.
When one company decides to buy another company, they might not pay all the money upfront. Instead, they might pay part of it later. This promise to pay a certain amount in the future is often written down as a “note.”
This way, the seller gets some money now and more money later, and the buyer doesn’t have to come up with all the money at once. It’s a way for both parties to feel comfortable with moving forward with the deal.
Covenant: A promise to do (or not do) something. Typical covenants you may need to sign are a covenant not to compete directly with your acquirer and/or not hire your current staff in another capacity for a period of time.
Steve Divitkos
Steve Divitkos is the Founder of Mineola Search Partners, specializing in Search Funds and their acquired companies. As former CEO of Microdea, a document management software firm, Steve led its growth and transformation, quadrupling its equity value and achieving a 15% CAGR in the first five years. Under his leadership, Microdea became one of Canada’s fastest-growing businesses and a top workplace. Before Microdea, Steve founded RedLeaf Management Partners and worked in Private Equity at CPPIB. He holds an MBA from Harvard and a BBA from Wilfrid Laurier University.